Everything about Thomas L Crittenden totally explained
Thomas Leonidas Crittenden (
May 15,
1819 –
October 23,
1893) was a lawyer, politician, and
Union general during the
American Civil War.
Crittenden was born in
Russellville, Kentucky, the son of
Senator John J. Crittenden, brother of
Confederate general
George B. Crittenden, and cousin of Union general
Thomas Turpin Crittenden. He married Catherine Todd, the daughter of his father's second wife. Their son,
John Jordan Crittenden III, served in the
U.S. Army and died with Lt. Col.
George Armstrong Custer at the
Battle of Little Bighorn in 1876.
Crittenden was admitted to the
bar and served in the
U.S. Army during
Mexican-American War as an aide to General
Zachary Taylor and as colonel of the 3rd Kentucky Volunteer Infantry. After the war's end he served as U.S.
consul in Liverpool.
When the Civil War began in
1861, Kentucky was a state that declared its neutrality and was at risk of supporting the Confederacy. Crittenden and his father remained loyal to the Union, but his brother joined the
Confederate Army, a sad, but common, occurrence in this border state. Crittenden had been a
major general in the Kentucky
militia since
1860. He was appointed
brigadier general of volunteers in September and placed in command of the 5th Division in the
Army of the Ohio. He led the division at the
Battle of Shiloh in
1862. After Shiloh he was appointed
major general of volunteers and commanded the
II Corps in the
Army of the Ohio during the although his corps was only lightly engaged in the fighting.
When
William S. Rosecrans assumed command of the army, Crittenden's forces were redesignated the Left Wing of the
Army of the Cumberland and were heavily engaged at the
Battle of Stones River. (He received a
brevet promotion to brigadier general in
1867 of
regulars for his service at Stones River.) The Army of the Cumberland was reorganized and Crittenden's corps was once again renamed, this time the
XXI Corps. He led the corps through the
Tullahoma Campaign and at the
Battle of Chickamauga. Crittenden and fellow corps commander
Alexander McDowell McCook were blamed for the defeat and relieved of command, but both were later exonerated and acquitted of any charges. In
1864 he assumed command of the 1st Division,
IX Corps, and led it in the Eastern Theater during the
Battle of Spotsylvania Court House and the
Battle of Cold Harbor, before resigning on
December 13,
1864.
After the war Crittenden served as the state
treasurer of Kentucky and was appointed as a colonel and then brevetted to brigadier general in the regular army before retiring in
1881. He died in Annandale,
Staten Island, New York, and is buried in
Frankfort, Kentucky.
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